Tensions mount between Afghan government, powerful warlord

PTI, Mar 23, 2021, 12:17 PM IST

Kabul: Tensions are mounting between Afghanistan’s government and a powerful local warlord, with deadly clashes erupting in a rural province between his fighters and government troops.

The fear is that the violence could be a harbinger of more chaos as US troops head toward the exits.

The government has launched an assault in central Maidan Wardak province, vowing to punish the warlord, Abdul Ghani Alipoor, after the defence minister accused his fighters of shooting down a military helicopter last week, killing nine personnel.

It’s the latest in a long history of frictions with Alipoor that are increasingly turning bloody.

In January, security forces killed at least 11 civilians when they opened fire on protesters, including many Alipoor supporters, in the province’s Behsud district. Alipoor holds widespread loyalty among ethnic Hazaras, a mainly Shiite community who are a minority in Afghanistan but make up most of the population in Maidan Wardak.

Alipoor is one of the many warlords backed by heavily armed militias who hold local power across Afghanistan. The government is allied with some of them, but others, like Alipoor, are in frequent confrontation with Kabul, resisting its control.

These warlords are a potential wild card as Afghanistan enters a new phase after decades of war.

The United States has committed to removing the last of its troops — though whether it will meet a May 1 deadline remains unclear. It is trying to push the government and the Taliban into a peace deal to ensure the country does not collapse into greater violence or an outright Taliban takeover after the US pullout.

That is proving difficult enough amid continued Taliban offensives.

Many fear the warlords could also lash out if they see their many, often conflicting interests being harmed in the peace process. But if Kabul considers warlords as agents of turmoil, their supporters see them as their only protection and support in the face of a notoriously corrupt government and violent insurgents.

Many Hazaras, who face attacks by Sunni militants and discrimination by the government, see Alipoor as a hero, defending them against the Taliban and keeping local institutions running.

“The government is incompetent, so people depend on Alipoor and support him,” said Mohammed Jan, whose brother was among those killed in the January 29 shooting of protesters in Behsud. “Alipoor serves his people. If our government would serve the people, everyone would support it and there wouldn’t be any need for an Alipoor.”

The January 29 protest was sparked by the appointment by Kabul of new local officials, seen in the district as a challenge to Alipoor.

Mohammad Baqir Joyenda, a local elder, said he and a group of other elders from the district went to meet the provincial police chief to try to reverse the appointments. Meanwhile, protesters had been gathering outside.

After the meeting, as the elders stepped out of the building, special forces started shooting at the protesters, Joyenda said.

“We could see the shooting, could hear people shouting,” he said.

He said he took the video of a wounded man shouting for help who was then shot again by security forces, and of another wounded man run over by a military vehicle.

He said security officers forced him to delete the videos off his phone.

At 10:30 that night, Joyenda learned that his son was among the dead.

The 18-year-old, who had just graduated from high school, was shot from behind, Joyenda said.

The deaths have left families reeling, even months later.

Her eyes full of tears, Musouma Rahimi said her brother, Baqer, a farmer with eight children, was among the dead.

One witness told her he was run over by a security vehicle after being shot.

“We don’t have enough income for our own family, we can’t support my brother’s family,” said Rahimi, who has five children and works as a bank guard in Kabul. “I don’t know what will happen to them.”